![]() ![]() The effort by Newton was the first systematic study in this field. Following the progression in technology, the assessment of the greenwater phenomenon has gradually advanced from qualitative to real science aspects. Evidence had shown that ships with high bulwarks at forward and aft ends were built in earlier days to reduce greenwater loading. Hence, although minimizing the undesirable effects of greenwater on floating structures is a long-standing research issue, it is still developing new challenges as humankind is now exploring harsher and deeper offshore environments compared with the past.ĭealing with greenwater is an important design consideration for ship-shaped structures since the medieval era. ![]() However, when these platforms are stationed in harsh offshore environments for an extended period, the long-term exposure to detrimental conditions, such as greenwater impact, can lead to significant structural and equipment damage which is of great concern with regards to the safety and operation of the platform. The operation of such platforms in calm weather conditions usually does not generate any significant problems, thanks to research and developments over the past decades. The bow region of such platforms consists of various vital components, such as the flare tower, processing equipment, survey machinery and other topside erections. Among many deepwater offshore floating solutions, ship-shaped structures (FPSO, survey ships, etc.) are widely used to exploit oil and gas and other natural resources beneath the sea surface. Greenwater impact (forces exerted on the deck equipment and structure of floating bodies near the forward and back, due to the splashing of a large quantity of water from waves) is one such challenge that should be addressed to improve the safety of offshore operations. With the increase of exploration activities at sea, mostly to exploit natural resources, including renewable energies, the development of various types of fixed and floating platforms for harsher and deeper offshore environments are facing newer challenges these days. Nevertheless, there is significant room for improvement on breakwater designs, and some topics for further research are also suggested in this regard. Overall, breakwaters with openings (perforations, grillages, etc.) were found to be more effective in minimizing the pressure generated by the greenwater. A vertical plate is used as the deck structure, and the greenwater pressure at several locations on that plate is measured to compare the effectiveness of various breakwater designs. The design model (without breakwater) was validated at first against experimental results of greenwater splashing, before performing the actual simulations with the proposed breakwater design. #DESIGN OF BREAKWATERS SOFTWARE#The commercial CFD software ANSYS Fluent is used for this investigation. However, research on the design and optimization of the breakwater is still in its infancy, and this study aims at shedding further light on this area by proposing and analysing the effectiveness of three breakwater designs on a fixed box-shaped vessel. Installation of breakwaters on the deck can play a crucial role in minimizing this impact. ![]() Greenwater (splashing of water on the deck) loading is a classical problem faced by designers of ship-shaped vessels, which becomes even worse when the vessel operates in harsh weather conditions for an extended period of time. ![]()
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